Desalination

In conditions of fresh water scarcity, the technology of desalinating the salty waters of the World Ocean becomes particularly relevant. Water purification and desalination is a technological process of removing dissolved salts contained in it in order to obtain a product suitable for use in food or technical purposes. More than 50 elements of the Mendeleev system are present in dissolved form in seawater. The concentration of each element individually is extremely insignificant, but together they determine the indicator due to which seawater is called salty. Water suitable for food purposes should contain no more than 0.002 g/ml of salts. To achieve such concentration, a large number of methods have been developed, the main goal of which is to purify seawater from salts and clean it. The main task of developers is to find a method that would have low energy consumption and maximum purification, after which the water could be used by the population. Today, there are such desalination methods as distillation, reverse osmosis, ionization, and electrodialysis, which can be used on an industrial scale.